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Kobuk Valley National Park is in northwestern Alaska north of the Arctic Circle. It was designated a United States National Park in 1980 by the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act. It is noted for the Great Kobuk Sand Dunes and caribou migration routes. The park offers backcountry camping, hiking, backpacking, and dog sledding. There are no designated trails or roads in the park, which at , is approximately the size of the state of Delaware. The park is entirely above the Arctic Circle. No roads lead to the park. It is reachable by foot, dogsled, snowmobile, and chartered air taxis from Nome and Kotzebue year-round. The park is one of the least visited in the National Park System.〔 ==Geography== The park is the center of a vast ecosystem between Selawik National Wildlife Refuge and the Noatak National Preserve. It is over by river to the Chukchi Sea. The Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve lie to the east. The park includes about of lands owned by native corporations and the State of Alaska.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nps.gov/akso/akarc/cr_kova.htm )〕 The park consists of the broad wetlands valley of the Kobuk River which runs along the southern edge of the western Brooks Range, which is known as the Baird Mountains. The boundary of the park runs along the height-of-land of the Baird Mountains in the north and the shorter Waring Mountains in the south that form a ring, defining and enclosing the Kobuk Valley. The middle two-thirds of the Kobuk River, from just above Kiana to just below Ambler, is included in the park, as are several of its major tributaries such as the Salmon River and the Hunt River. The valley floor is mainly covered by glacial drift.〔 Much of the southern portion of the park, south of the Kobuk River, is managed as the Kobuk Valley Wilderness of . The Selawik Wilderness lies to the south, in the adjoining Selawik National Wildlife Refuge.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.wilderness.net/NWPS/wildView?WID=298 )〕 Three sets of sand dune fields are located on the south side of the Kobuk River. The Great Kobuk Sand Dunes, Little Kobuk Sand Dunes and the Hunt River Dunes are remnants of dunefields that covered as many as immediately after the retreat of Pleistocene glaciation. A combination of outwash deposits from the glaciers and strong winds created the field, which is now mostly covered by forest and tundra. In present times the active dune fields cover about . The Great Kobuk Sand Dunes comprise the largest active Arctic dune field in North America. NASA has funded their study as an analog for Martian polar dunes. The park's headquarters are at the Northwest Arctic Heritage Center in Kotzebue, about west of the park on the Bering Sea coast. Seasonal ranger stations are operated along the Kobuk River at Kallarichuk, at the west end of the park, and at Onion Portage at the east end of the park. Offices and visitor services for Cape Krusenstern National Monument and Noatak National Preserve are in the same facility. The units are managed together as the Western Arctic National Parklands, with a single Park Service superintendent in charge. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kobuk Valley National Park」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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